Ulcerative Colitis Overview
Ulcerative colitis belongs to the group of disorders known as inflammatory bowel disorders that affect the colon. This disorder is characterized by the formation of multiple ulcers within the colon and also in the rectum. Ulcerative colitis commonly affects individuals between the ages 15 and 30 years, but may be observed at any age. Abdominal pain and diarrhea (loose, watery stools) are the common symptoms of ulcerative colitis. This disorder is generally considered to be a chronic disorder which may require you to consume medications for a long period of time. However, some individuals may have longer symptom free periods during which no medications are required to be taken. Ulcerative colitis is also known as colitis, distal colitis, pancolitis, or ulcerative proctitis.
What Do I Need To Know About Ulcerative Colitis?
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disorder which needs to be treated appropriately to prevent the occurrence of complications. Proper care can decrease the severity of the symptoms and also help you to be free from any symptoms for long periods of time.
What Is The Cause Of Ulcerative Colitis?
The exact cause for the occurrence of ulcerative colitis is not known. However, alterations in the body’s defense system (immune system) or the presence of hereditary influences are considered as potential risk factors for the occurrence of ulcerative colitis. Stress was also believed to be a risk factor, but has been ruled out by researchers based on some recent studies. However, stress may aggravate the symptoms of ulcerative colitis and so does milk consumption.
Am I At Risk Of Ulcerative Colitis?
You are at an increased risk of developing ulcerative colitis if:
- You are between 15-30 years old; ulcerative colitis is often noted at 30 years of age
- You are Jewish or of European descent
- Any one in your family is suffering from ulcerative colitis
- You are suffering from a liver disorder known as primary sclerosing cholangitis
What Are The Symptoms Of Ulcerative Colitis?
Ulcerative colitis is most commonly characterized by pain in the abdominal region and diarrhea which is frequently mixed with blood. The blood is usually due to the presence of multiple ulcers in the colon. Other symptoms that are also noted in individuals with ulcerative colitis include: anemia, unintended weight loss, extreme tiredness, fever, loss of appetite, skin sores, and pain in the joints. These symptoms may be severe in many affected individuals while others may have mild symptoms. Children are known suffer from loss of growth if affected with ulcerative colitis.
How Is It Diagnosed?
Ulcerative colitis is diagnosed based on various methods that include physical examination, blood tests, stool tests, viewing of the colon with specialized instruments known as sigmoidoscope/colonoscope, and imaging methods such as X-rays and CT scanning.
What Is The Treatment For Ulcerative Colitis?
Mild to moderate cases of ulcerative colitis are managed with the administration of medications. The medications commonly used belong to the group of anti-inflammatory medications and immune system suppressors that are aimed at reducing the inflammatory changes occurring in the colon. Other supportive medications include anti-diarrheals, pain killers and iron supplements. Severe cases may require surgical removal of the colon.
Some Tips For Ulcerative Colitis
Here are a few tips to minimize the symptoms if you are suffering from ulcerative colitis:
- Limit intake of dairy products
- Avoid consumption of raw vegetables; instead boil, stew or steam them before consumption
- Eat 4-5 smaller meals instead of 2-3 large meals in a day
- Drink plenty of water and other fluids
- Follow relaxation methods to avoid stress
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